自学考试英语（一）讲义(3)

自学考试英语（一）讲义


Unit 3
Text A The Atlantic Ocean

调配：

1. separate A from B 把或人；或某物分隔/动词词组

2. keep sb. from doing sth. 使或人没办法做某事；没办法做某事/动词词组

3. on the average 平均；below/above the average 在什么的水平以下；上/介词词组

4. furnish1 sth for sb. 给或人提供某物/动词词组

5. pile up 折起，累计，若干汽车碰在一块/动词词组

言语点：

1. 本课带宾补的动词：make

e.g. make early sailors unwilling2 to do sth.（宾补）

Two things make the Atlantic Ocean rather unusual.

2. 形容词的特别使用方法：

It is more than 4000 miles wide.（形容词后置）

On the average the water is a little more than two miles deep.

3. 形容词前有as，so，no，too，how等词时，不定冠词应置于形容词之后，如：

e.g. We couldn‘t do it in so short a time.

She is too kind a girl to refuse.

Aids is so terrible a disease3.

He is too old a man to do that kind of job.

4. suppose +语句=表明一种假设

5. it takes/took +（或人）+多少时刻+to do sth. 花了或人多少时刻做某事。

It would take the ocean about 4000 years to dry up.

6. much可以用来修饰形容词的比较级。E.g. much better；much deeper.

7. raise为及物动词，后可以加宾语，e.g. raise the pay.（添涨薪酬）；rise为不及物动词（其后不可以加宾语），e.g. the sun rises in the east. 注：宾语为名词，代词，动词的-ing.

8. 在通常名词所构成的专有名此前需要加定冠词。

E.g. the Azores 亚苏尔群岛； the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋

9. for用来衔接两个语句的时分为并列连词，表缘由。

E.g. Here the water is quiet，for there is little wind.

10. In the days of sailing vessels4 the crew were afraid they would be becalmed here.主谓一块

11. so … that/ such …that 句型：太…+语句

e.g. We now have such fast ways of traveling that this big ocean seems to have grown smaller. 咱们目前有太多迅速的旅游办法，因此大西洋看着仿佛小了不少。

So主要用来修饰形容词或副词；such 则最后需要修饰名词。

12. across为介词或副词，用它时，语句中应该已有动词。

E.g Icebergs5 float down from the Far North across the paths of ships.

Cross为动词，作谓语或跟在动词不定式to 后面。E.g. Columbus sailed for more than two months to cross it.
Text B The Moon

调配：

1. be kept tied to sth./sb. 不能离开或人/紧紧的倚赖于某物

2. face towards sth./sb. 面向；face away from sth./sb. 背向

3. keep sth./sb. in mind 牢记于心

4. be lighted up by sth. 被什么照亮

5. speak of 提及；提到

6. reflect sth. on to sth. 把什么反射到什么上去

言语点：

1. 半系动词（半系动词后加形容词）：remain/stand/look/appear

2. 世界与众不同的事物前应该加定冠词。如：the earth， the world， the moon

3. except，except for，besides如何差异？

besides

“除…外，还有…”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。?

Have you got any clothes besides these？ 除去这类衣服你还有别的吗？?

except

不包括所引事物。常与no， none， nothing等否定词或all， everyone， everything等连用，但不可用于句首。

They all went to the Summer Palace except one. 除一人以外他们都去了颐和园。

except for

常指除掉所引情况叫人稍感惋惜以外，整体情况尚属理想，被除掉的事物与正在说到的事物之间不具备一块属性或性质。

The roads were clear except for a few cars. 除几辆小汽车外，路面非常空旷。